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IMPORTANT NOTE: The Physician
needs to know if you have any of these conditions:;
kidney disease; liver disease; pneumonia; stomach
problems (especially colitis); other chronic
illness; an unusual or allergic reaction to Ketoconazole,
foods, dyes, or preservatives; or if you are
breast-feeding.
KETOCONAZOLE (kee-toe-CON-uh-zole)
- ORAL
COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Nizoral, Extina, Xolegel,
Kuric
USES: Ketoconazole (Nizoral) is used to treat
certain fungal infections in the body or serious
fungal infections on the skin and nails. Ketoconazole
belongs to the class of drugs called azole antifungals.
It works by stopping the growth of the fungus.
HOW TO USE: Take Ketoconazole (Nizoral) by
mouth usually once a day or as directed by your doctor.
Ketoconazole may be taken with or without food, but
taking it with food helps to reduce stomach upset.
If you are taking an antacid, take ketoconazole
at least 2 hours before taking the antacid, otherwise
ketoconazole may not be absorbed into the body.
See also Drug Interactions for more information.
The dosage and length of treatment is based on
your medical condition and response to treatment.
In children, the dosage is also based on weight.
It may take from several days to several months
to complete treatment.
Ketoconazole works best when the amount of drug
in your body is kept at a constant level. Therefore,
take this drug at evenly spaced intervals. To help
you remember, take it at the same time each day.
Continue to take Ketoconazole until the full prescribed
amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear
after a few days. Stopping the medication too early
may allow the fungus to continue to grow, which
may result in a return of the infection.
Tell your doctor if your condition persists or
worsens.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea and vomiting may
occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen,
tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
Remember that your doctor has prescribed Ketoconazole
because he or she has judged the benefit to you
is greater than the risk of side effects. Many
people using this medication do not have serious
side effects.
Tell your doctor immediately if any of these rare
but serious side effects occur: headache, vision
changes, mental/mood changes (such as depression,
thoughts of suicide).
Although unlikely, when ketoconazole is used at
high doses, it may cause an adrenal gland problem
(adrenal insufficiency), a decrease in testosterone
levels, and a decrease in sperm production. These
effects usually go away after ketoconazole treatment
is stopped. Tell your doctor immediately if any
of these unlikely but serious side effects occur:
unusual tiredness, weakness, dizziness upon standing,
persistent nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain,
loss of appetite, weight loss, decreased sexual
interest or ability, enlarged/tender breasts in
men.
A very serious allergic reaction to this drug
is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention
if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic
reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially
of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble
breathing.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: The effects of some drugs
can change if you take other drugs or herbal products
at the same time. This can increase your risk for
serious side effects or may cause your medications
not to work correctly. These drug interactions
are possible, but do not always occur. Your doctor
or pharmacist can often prevent or manage interactions
by changing how you use your medications or by
close monitoring.
To help your doctor and pharmacist give you the
best care, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist
about all the products you use (including prescription
drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products)
before starting treatment with this product. While
using this product, do not start, stop, or change
the dosage of any other medicines you are using
without your doctor's approval.
Ketoconazole can interact with many other medications
and products. Some products that may interact with
this drug include: lanthanum, warfarin.
Other medications can affect the removal of ketoconazole
from your body, which may affect how ketoconazole
works. Examples include efavirenz, isoniazid, nevirapine,
rifamycins (such as rifabutin, rifampin), St. John's
wort, among others.
Ketoconazole can slow down the removal of many
other medications from your body, which may affect
how they work. Examples of affected drugs include
some benzodiazepines (such as alprazolam, triazolam),
cyclosporine, digoxin, eletriptan, eplerenone,
ergot drugs (such as ergotamine), drugs used to
treat erectile dysfunction (such as sildenafil,
tadalafil, vardenafil), HIV protease inhibitors
(such as ritonavir), some drugs used to treat seizures
(such as carbamazepine, phenytoin), some statin
drugs (such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin),
tacrolimus, among others.
Ketoconazole requires acid in the stomach to be
well absorbed. Therefore, if you are taking drugs
that decrease the amount of stomach acid including
antacids, heartburn/ulcer drugs (H2 blockers such
as cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine), sucralfate,
or if you are taking drugs that slow down gut movement
(anticholinergics such as dicyclomine, propantheline),
take ketoconazole at least 2 hours before any of
these drugs. If you are taking proton pump inhibitors
(PPIs such as lansoprazole, omeprazole), ask your
doctor or pharmacist for advice on how to reduce
or avoid this interaction.
This document does not contain all possible drug
interactions. Keep a list of all the products you
use. Share this list with your doctor and pharmacist
to lessen your risk for serious medication problems.
OVERDOSE: If Ketoconazole overdose is suspected,
contact a poison control center or emergency room
immediately. US residents can call the US National
Poison Hotline at 1-800-222-1222.
NOTES: Do not share Ketoconazole with others.
Ketoconazole has been prescribed for your current
condition only. Do not use it later for another
infection unless told to do so by your doctor.
A different medication may be necessary in that
case.
MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose of Ketoconazole,
take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time
for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not
take double or extra doses. There should be an
interval of at least 12 hours between doses.
STORAGE: Store Ketoconazole at room temperature
between 68 and 77 degrees F (20-25 degrees C) away
from sunlight and moisture.
Ketoconazole (Nizoral) Information and Resources:
Medline
Plus - Ketoconazole : is most often used
to treat fungal infections that can spread to
different parts of the body through the bloodstream
such as yeast infections of the mouth, skin,
urinary tract, and blood
Medline
Plus - Fungal Infections : Fungi can be difficult
to kill. For skin and nail infections, you can
apply medicine directly to the infected area.
Oral antifungal medicines are also available
for serious infections.
Medicinenet
- Ketoconazole : Consumer information about
the medication Ketoconazole 200mg (Nizoral),
includes side effects, drug interactions, recommended
dosages, and storage information from Medicinenet.
